So, We have spoken a lot on Black holes, Some people may even know there are hypothetical white holes, But, The more I learn about singularities, The more confused I seem to become, With the many theories out there on What black holes can do, People speculate everything from Time Travel, To alternate realities to gateways to other universes, To wormholes, Hell, It wouldn't surprise me if some theorist out there Believed the Speedforce was a legitimate thing.
I think it’s a good idea to throw all of that really wild stuff right out the window. There’s gravitational time dilation, no doubt, but I wouldn’t call that time travel. And they’re not wormholes, or portals to other realities, according to the best of our current understanding. The name has given people all kinds of crazy ideas; I prefer to think of them as “black stars” – that’s more accurate. There’s no “hole” in a black hole. That’s how I see it anyway; more dewy-eyed dreamer theorists feel differently about it.
Black holes are just very massive star that collapse until they become a quantum object. But it has an immensely powerful gravitational field, unlike most other quantum objects, so it’s an ideal real-world scenario for studying the union between quantum physics and general relativity. In practice, each of those two theories can help us understand the physics of a black hole. But I think it’s important to bear in mind that we don’t have a grand unified field theory yet, so on some issues, we’re definitely only capable of making educated guesses. But the recent detection of gravitational waves is going to lead to an entirely new field of astrophysics where can learn about what happens inside the event horizon of a black hole, so the decades ahead should be very exciting and informative on this topic.
The singularity is a very interesting issue. The singularity is most likely a very small and slightly “fuzzy” one-dimensional ring, because black holes spin, just like any other star. I say “fuzzy” because quantum theory places a strict limit on the position and momentum of a quantum object, so the singularity has to be blurry just like any other point-like particle. And the singularity spins fast, to conserve angular momentum. Weirdly, there’s a limit to how fast a black hole can spin, and this rate has been determined through observations – some black holes are spinning at this limit, 84% the speed of light:
https://phys.org/news/2014-02-fast-black-holes.html
However, There are in the hypothesis, Black holes are extremely hot on the outside and unbelievably cold on the inside, Scientists claim they have even observed lightning within black holes Astronomers View “Lightning” Flash In Black Hole
There are even claims of coronal mass ejections from Black holes,
Which really only confuses me further because, WHY!? with that incredible gravity, I can't conceive something like matter could escape a black hole, But here we are.
No, all of the emissions that you’re talking about happen outside of the event horizon, in the accretion disc of matter whirling around the black hole. Quasars are black holes that are consuming a lot of matter – entire stars one after the other, and the density and temperature of that matter whirling around the black hole, outside of the event horizon, produces nuclear fusion. That’s why they’re so hot and bright.
But black holes themselves are extremely cold. The only emissions from a black hole are Hawking radiation, which is minimal for all the black holes that we know about. It’s possible that some primordial black holes with a very small mass (the mass of the Moon or less) could be radiating a lot of Hawking radiation – as these low mass black holes emit Hawking radiation, they lose mass, and shrink further, and get hotter. Eventually, in theory, they’ll suddenly evaporate in a burst of energy. But we’ve never detected anything like that. My guess is that we won’t see that kind of thing for many dozens or hundreds of billions of years, because if very small-mass primordial black holes existed, I think we would’ve seen one explode in a burst of gamma radiation by now. The calculated time required for a solar-mass black hole to evaporate is 10^64 years, and for supermassive black holes it goes up to 10^106 years - so unless there are some extremely small black holes out there, we'll be waiting an awfully long time to see a black hole's final evaporation in a burst of light.
The lightning and other kinds of bursts and jets, are coming from the accretion disc around a black hole, not from inside the black hole itself. Although the powerful magnetic fields around some black holes play a key part in those processes; other black holes have pretty weak magnetic fields.
Black holes eject matter as well as feed off it | Cosmos There are Supermassive black holes and microscopic black holes, Just studying black holes alone, is a staggering subject.
The ejected matter comes from the accretion disc, not the black hole itself. Nothing escapes the event horizon, ever. We’ve never detected a microscopic black hole. They’ve tried to make them at the LHC, because some alternatives to the Standard Model predict that possibility, but it didn’t happen.
What are your thoughts on this guys?
I think we’re probably going to see some pretty dramatic changes to our understanding of black holes, once we arrive at a grand unified field theory. I could be wrong, but black holes represent the union of two currently incompatible theories of physics, so if anything is likely to undergo a dramatic reconceptualization once we have a complete physics model, this would be it.
